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1. The most dependable emetic used to expel ingested poisons is
(a) Intramuscular emetine
(b) Oral syrup ipecacuanha
(c) Intramuscular apomorphine
(d) Oral bromocriptine
2. The most effective antimotion sickness drug suitable for short risk journies is
(a) Promethazine theoclate
(b) Cinnarizine
(c) Prochlorperazine
(d) Hyoscine
3. In case of hill journey, antimotion sickness drugs are best administered at
(a) Twelve hours before commencing journey
(b) One hour before commencing journey
(c) Immediately after commencing journey
(d) At the first feeling of motion sickness
4. Metoclopramide blocks apomorphineinduced vomiting, produces muscle dystonias and increases prolactin release
indicates that it has
(a) Anticholinergic action
(b) Antihistaminic action
(c) Anti 5-HT3 action
(d) Antidopaminergic action
5. Which prokinetic drugs produces
extrapyramidal side effects ?
(a) Metoclopramide
(b) Cisapride
(c) Domperidone
(d) All of these
6. A patient returning from dinner party meets with road accident and has to be urgently operated upon under general anaesthesia. Which drug can be injected intramuscularly to hasten his gastric emptying
(a) Methypolysiloxane
(b) Promethazine
(c) Metoclopramide
(d) Apomorphine
7. Which antiemetic selectively blocks levodopa induced vomiting without blocking its antiparkinsonian action ?
(a) Metoclopramide
(b) Cisapride
(c) Domperidone
(d) Ondansetron
8. The fastest symptomatic relief as well as highest healing rates in reflux esophagitis have been obtained with
(a) Cisapride
(b) Ranitidine
(c) Omeprazole
(d) Sodium alginate
9. Cisapride enhances gastrointestinal motility by
(a) Activating serotonin 5-HT4 receptor
(b) Activating muscarinic M3 receptor
(c) Blocking serotonin 5-HT3 receptor
(d) Blocking dopamine D2 receptor
10. The most effective antiemetic for
controlling cisplatin induced vomiting is
(a) Prochlorperazine
(b) Ondansetron
(c) Metoclopramide
(d) Promethazine
11. Ondansetron is a
(a) Second generation antihistaminic
(b) Drug for peptic ulcer
(c) New antiarrhythmic
(d) Antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy
12. Ondansetron blocks emetogenic impulses at the following sites:
(a) Vagal afferents in intestines
(b) Nucleus tractus solitarius
(c) Chemoreceptor trigger zone
(d) All of the above
13. Cancer chemotherapy induced vomiting that is not controlled by metoclopramide alone can be suppressed by combining it with
(a) Amphetamine
(b) Dexamethasone
(c) Hyoscine
(d) Cyclizine
14. Irrespective of the type, all laxatives exert the following action.
(a) Increase the content of solids in the faeces
(b) Increase the water content of faeces
(c) Reduce absorption of nutrients
(d) Increase intestinal motility
15. For optimum rehydration, the molar concentration of glucose in ORS should be
(a) Equal to the molar concentration of Na+
(b) Somewhat lower than molar concentration of Na+
(c) Somewhat higher than the molar
concentration of Na+
(d) Three times the molar concentration of Na+
16. The concentration of sodium ions in WHO oral rehydration solution is
(a) 40 m moles/L
(b) 60 m moles/L
(c) 90 m moles/L
(d) 110 m moles/L
17. The electrolyte composition of WHO oral rehydration solution is based upon that of
(a) Enterotoxigenic E. coli diarrhea stools
(b) Cholera stools in adults
(c) Cholera stools in children
(d) Rotavirus diarrhea stools
18. A case of acute diarrhea presents with abdominal pain, fever, mucus and blood in stools and is suspected to be suffering from Shigella enteritis. What antimicrobial treatment would be most appropriate.
(a) No antimicrobial treatment
(b) Metronidazole
(c) Norfloxacin
(d) Chloramphenicol
19. Ordansetron
(a) Can cause extrapyramidal side effects
(b) Is not effective in control of acute emesis
(c) Can prevent emesis due to radiation
(d) Is not absorbed orally
20. The prokinetic effects of metoclopramide can be abolished by
(a) Vagotomy
(b) Atropine
(c) Bethanechol
(d) Acetylcholine
21. The most potent drug for prevention of motion sickness is
(a) Dimenhydrinate
(b) Tripelenamine
(c) Scopolamine
(d) Hydroxygene
1. What is the most dependable emetic used to expel ingested poisons?
Oral syrup ipecacuanha.
2. What is the most effective antimotion sickness drug for short journeys?
Hyoscine.
3. When should antimotion sickness drugs be administered before a hill journey?
One hour before commencing the journey.
4. What is the primary mechanism of action of metoclopramide?
It has antidopaminergic action.
5. Which prokinetic drug causes extrapyramidal side effects?
Metoclopramide.
6. Which drug can be injected to hasten gastric emptying before surgery?
Metoclopramide.
7. Which antiemetic selectively blocks levodopa-induced vomiting without affecting its antiparkinsonian action?
Domperidone.
8. What drug provides the fastest symptom relief and highest healing rates in reflux esophagitis?
Omeprazole.
9. How does cisapride enhance gastrointestinal motility?
By activating serotonin 5-HT4 receptors.
10. What is the most effective antiemetic for controlling cisplatin-induced vomiting?
Ondansetron.
11. What type of drug is ondansetron?
An antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy.
12. Where does ondansetron block emetogenic impulses?
Vagal afferents in the intestines, nucleus tractus solitarius, and chemoreceptor trigger zone (All of the above).
13. What drug can be combined with metoclopramide to control chemotherapy-induced vomiting?
Dexamethasone.
14. What is the common action of all laxatives?
They increase the water content of feces.
15. What should be the glucose concentration in Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) for optimum rehydration?
It should be somewhat lower than the molar concentration of Na+.
16. What is the sodium ion concentration in WHO oral rehydration solution?
90 mM/L.
17. What is the basis for the electrolyte composition of WHO ORS?
Cholera stools in adults.
18. What is the most appropriate antimicrobial treatment for Shigella enteritis?
Norfloxacin.
19. What are the therapeutic uses of ondansetron?
It prevents emesis due to radiation.
20. How can the prokinetic effects of metoclopramide be abolished?
By atropine.
21. What is the most potent drug for preventing motion sickness?
Scopolamine.
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